Article,
Step changes for decarbonising the energy system: research needs for renewables, energy efficiency and nuclear power
Energy Policy, 32 (17): 1891-1904 (2004/11)
Abstract
This paper sets out, with reference to the UK, outstanding research
needs in a number of areas if large, long-term reductions in carbon
emissions from energy use are to be achieved. Emphasis is placed
on viewing the production and use of energy in terms of an energy
system. Decomposition analysis is used to illustrate the various
parts of the energy system, the differential carbon emissions associated
with each part, and the different kinds of policy measures which
will be required to reduce them. Possible decarbonisation through
energy efficiency, nuclear power and renewables are analysed in some
detail. While each of these areas exhibits specific characteristics,
issues and challenges about which more needs to be known, there are
also some common themes which are in need of research. These are
identified as human behaviour, social acceptability, economic costs,
network and infrastructure issues, how to stimulate innovation, security
and reliability, and markets and governance. Progress will need to
be made in developing a better understanding of most if not all of
these issues if radical reductions of carbon emissions are to be
achieved.
