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Soter: An Automatic Safety Verifier for Erlang

, , and . Proceedings of the 2nd Edition on Programming Systems, Languages and Applications Based on Actors, Agents, and Decentralized Control Abstractions, page 137--140. ACM, (2012)
DOI: 10.1145/2414639.2414658

Abstract

This paper presents Soter, a fully-automatic program analyser and verifier for Erlang modules. The fragment of Erlang accepted by Soter includes the higher-order functional constructs and all the key features of actor concurrency, namely, dynamic and possibly unbounded spawning of processes and asynchronous message passing. Soter uses a combination of static analysis and infinite-state model checking to verify safety properties specified by the user. Given an Erlang module and a set of properties, Soter first extracts an abstract (approximate but sound) model in the form of an actor communicating system (ACS), and then checks if the properties are satisfied using a Petri net coverability checker, BFC. To our knowledge, Soter is the first fully-automatic, infinite-state model checker for a large fragment of Erlang. We find that in practice our abstraction technique is accurate enough to verify an interesting range of safety properties such as mutual-exclusion and boundedness of mailboxes. Though the ACS coverability problem is Expspace-complete, Soter can analyse these problems surprisingly efficiently.

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