%0 Generic %1 arendse2019cosmic %A Arendse, Nikki %A Wojtak, Radosław J. %A Agnello, Adriano %A Chen, Geoff C. F. %A Fassnacht, Christopher D. %A Sluse, Dominique %A Hilbert, Stefan %A Millon, Martin %A Bonvin, Vivien %A Wong, Kenneth C. %A Courbin, Frédéric %A Suyu, Sherry H. %A Birrer, Simon %A Treu, Tommaso %A Koopmans, Leon V. E. %D 2019 %K tifr %T Cosmic dissonance: new physics or systematics behind a short sound horizon? %U http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.07986 %X Persistent tension between low-redshift and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements, in terms of the sound horizon and the Hubble-Lemaître constant, suggests new physics beyond the Standard Model, departures from concordance cosmology, or residual systematics. Assessing the likelihood of new physics devised to resolve the tension requires thorough consistency tests of several independent and high-precision distance calibrations. We examine recent updated distance calibrations from Cepheids, gravitational lensing time-delay observations, and the Tip of the Red Giant Branch. Through selected cosmographic methods for combining observations of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), Type Ia supernovae and local distance calibrators, we obtain robust measurements of the sound horizon, independent of cosmological models and the CMB. For our different models and probes, the sound horizon scale varies between $r_s=(135\pm3)$ and $r_s=(140\pm3)$~Mpc. The combined tension in the sound horizon and the Hubble-Lemaître constant ranges between $3\sigma$ and $5\sigma$, depending on whether distance ladder calibrations are used, and is independent of possible changes to the late-Universe expansion history. Early-Universe extensions with $N_eff=3.27\pm0.15$ are allowed by the data, unless a Cepheid distance calibration is included. Some late-dark-energy models, as constrained by the relative supernova distance moduli, do not resolve the current tension. Results from time-delay lenses are consistent with those from distance-ladder calibrations. With upcoming lens samples, the tension in the inferred sound horizon will be completely independent from local calibrations. New proposals to resolve the tension should examine CMB and late-Universe constraints separately, and the inference on both $H_0$ and $r_s.$

@misc{arendse2019cosmic, abstract = {Persistent tension between low-redshift and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements, in terms of the sound horizon and the Hubble-Lema\^itre constant, suggests new physics beyond the Standard Model, departures from concordance cosmology, or residual systematics. Assessing the likelihood of new physics devised to resolve the tension requires thorough consistency tests of several independent and high-precision distance calibrations. We examine recent updated distance calibrations from Cepheids, gravitational lensing time-delay observations, and the Tip of the Red Giant Branch. Through selected cosmographic methods for combining observations of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), Type Ia supernovae and local distance calibrators, we obtain robust measurements of the sound horizon, independent of cosmological models and the CMB. For our different models and probes, the sound horizon scale varies between $r_{\rm s}=(135\pm3)$ and $r_{\rm s}=(140\pm3)$~Mpc. The combined tension in the sound horizon and the Hubble-Lema\^itre constant ranges between $3\sigma$ and $5\sigma$, depending on whether distance ladder calibrations are used, and is independent of possible changes to the late-Universe expansion history. Early-Universe extensions with $\textrm{N}_{\textrm{eff}}=3.27\pm0.15$ are allowed by the data, unless a Cepheid distance calibration is included. Some late-dark-energy models, as constrained by the relative supernova distance moduli, do not resolve the current tension. Results from time-delay lenses are consistent with those from distance-ladder calibrations. With upcoming lens samples, the tension in the inferred sound horizon will be completely independent from local calibrations. New proposals to resolve the tension should examine CMB and late-Universe constraints separately, and the inference on both $H_0$ and $r_s.$}, added-at = {2019-09-19T08:09:48.000+0200}, author = {Arendse, Nikki and Wojtak, Radosław J. and Agnello, Adriano and Chen, Geoff C. F. and Fassnacht, Christopher D. and Sluse, Dominique and Hilbert, Stefan and Millon, Martin and Bonvin, Vivien and Wong, Kenneth C. and Courbin, Frédéric and Suyu, Sherry H. and Birrer, Simon and Treu, Tommaso and Koopmans, Leon V. E.}, biburl = {https://www.bibsonomy.org/bibtex/26ae493e8cbfda07a1e2f6e6df7fe8e4c/citekhatri}, description = {Cosmic dissonance: new physics or systematics behind a short sound horizon?}, interhash = {09a7f64d29f090cf653fac49d203c2dd}, intrahash = {6ae493e8cbfda07a1e2f6e6df7fe8e4c}, keywords = {tifr}, note = {cite arxiv:1909.07986Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables; submitted to A&A}, timestamp = {2019-09-19T08:09:48.000+0200}, title = {Cosmic dissonance: new physics or systematics behind a short sound horizon?}, url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1909.07986}, year = 2019 }